Astronauts Become Billiard Balls to Demonstrate Newton's Third Law (Video)
Watch two astronauts curl themselves up like balls in microgravity to demonstrate Newton's third law of motion in a new educational video.
The video is part of NASA's STEMonstrations series, which now has four episodes, and this charming installment features astronaut Mark Vande Hei. Though the video was published on March 15, the filming took place long before then; Vande Hei landed back on Earth in late February 2018 after completing 168 days as an International Space Station (ISS) crewmember with Expedition 54.
Isaac Newton's third law of motion states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. It explains why engines that fire downward send a rocket upward. When a force acts on a massive body that's at rest or traveling in a uniform linear motion, pushback occurs as two opposite forces act simultaneously, the law says. The new STEMonstrations episode explains this phenomenon using earthly examples and two demonstrations aboard the International Space Station. [Watch an Astronaut Test Newton's Second Law of Motion in Space]
Happy to be back on Earth, but I'm sure missing these breathtaking views! pic.twitter.com/hRTZ6BLtkp
— Mark T. Vande Hei (@Astro_Sabot) March 12, 2018
In the video, Vande Hei quips about his exceptional basketball dribbling skills in the weightlessness of microgravity aboard the space station. In the next scene, he holds the basketball up to himself, calls it Object 1 and makes himself round like the ball. When he pushes on the basketball, it flies away from him, and because the force that propelled Object 1 has an opposite force, Vande Hei (Object 2) moves slightly back.
Vande Hei would have moved back farther if the mass of the basketball had been larger and more evenly matched Vande Hei's mass. So, he enlists the help of fellow Expedition 54 crewmember Joe Acaba to push away. The result of Vande Hei's exertion this time is a stronger opposite pushback force that makes him travel farther backward than in the first example.
The web video series is part of an initiative by NASA's Education Program and a Year of Education on the Station, which invites astronauts on the ISS to share STEM-based lessons for classrooms with students of all ages.
Follow Doris Elin Salazar on Twitter @salazar_elin. Follow us @Spacedotcom, Facebook and Google+. Original article on Space.com.
